Making young people visible: what national digital health strategies reveal and how a new framework can respond

News & insights
April 6, 2026
Anyesha Mitra⠀
Tobias Silberzahn
By -

DTH-Lab’s Anyesha Mitra and Tobias Silberzahn analysed 87 national digital health strategies to assess how well countries are addressing young people’s needs. They found a significant policy gap. Here they share their findings and outline DTH-Lab’s plans to bridge the gap.  

Globally, there are 1.9 billion people aged 10–24, including more than 1.2 billion aged 15–24. The majority live in low- and middle-income countries, where they constitute a significant proportion of national populations). Notably, over 15 countries in Africa have more than 50% of their population under 18 years of age such as Niger, Uganda, Chad, Angola.

Children, adolescents and young adults under 30 (hereon referred to collectively as young people) have different health needs than adults over 30. Injuries and violence cause over 1.5 million deaths each year in this group. Depression and anxiety are top causes of illness for 15 to 19 year-olds, and half of all adult mental disorders start by age 18. On the contrary, older adults have higher dominance of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) like heart disease. Young people also engage with digital health differently. As digital natives, young people prefer non-health apps (social media, YouTube, gaming) for peer support, self-tracking and emotional regulation, while adults over 30 make more use of structured tools such as wearables, despite lower tech confidence,1,2.

How we approached the analysis

How we approached the analysis

Our analysis drew on documents available in the WHO Global Digital Health Repository. Two types of documents were included: national digital health strategies and national digital health policy documents. Other document types, such as academic publications, cybersecurity strategies and general national health strategies, were excluded to keep the focus on instruments that set national directions for digital health.

We identified and reviewed documents from 87 countries systematically searching for the terms “child”, “children”, “youth”, “young” and “adolescent.” For non‑English documents, equivalent terms were translated into the relevant language to ensure consistency. A strategy or policy was counted as addressing the needs of young people if at least one of two conditions was met: it explicitly mentioned needs or goals related to young people or it described at least one digital health initiative that would directly benefit them. References confined to introductory situational analysis, such as child mortality statistics or to broad themes that affect all age groups, such as primary health care, were not considered sufficient on their own.

A visibility gap and a missed opportunity

A visibility gap and a missed opportunity

The findings reveal a substantial visibility gap. Of the 87 countries analysed, 50 (57%) did not mention needs, goals or initiatives related to young people in their national digital health strategy or policy documents. The remaining 37 countries (43%) did include some reference to children, adolescents or youth. 

However, even where young people were mentioned, this was rarely accompanied by specific objectives or tailored interventions. Most references appeared under broad public health priorities, such as “maternal and child health” or “vaccination programmes” supported by digital tools. Only a few countries articulated concrete digital health investments, services or governance mechanisms designed with young people’s distinct needs, risks and patterns of technology use in mind. A positive example is Sweden, which included online health information for young people in its national e-health strategy and created UMO.se for ages 13 to 25. Run by Sweden’s regions and municipalities, without advertising, the site covers topics like sexual health, mental health, alcohol and drugs, relationships, and youth clinic information. 

For policymakers, this gap represents a missed opportunity to align digital health investments with the expectations and experiences of younger generations. Through targeted investments in young people’s health, we can provide early support and prevention of physical and mental health problems and build a foundation of lifelong health and well-being. Young people are also more intensive users of digital technologies, often helping their families navigate digital health solutions and serving as a key gateway to reach older generations, while also being the group that will live longest with the consequences of today’s digital health decisions.

Towards a Framework for digitally enabled health systems

Towards a Framework for digitally enabled health systems

The evidence from this and prior DTH-Lab analyses of digital health and AI strategies combined with our sustained engagement with young people and other stakeholders, has directly informed the development of a new Framework for digitally enabled health systems.

A digitally enabled health system is a hybrid model in which standards-based, interoperable digital solutions strengthen health promotion, prevention, diagnosis, management, rehabilitation and palliative care in an equitable and sustainable manner. Such systems enhance access, continuity, quality and efficiency while complementing in-person care. Aligned with the WHO Global Strategy on Digital Health 2020–2027 and the Global Initiative on Digital Health, this approach is grounded in strong governance, privacy protections and meaningful participation to ensure inclusivity, security and responsiveness to evolving needs.

This framing acknowledges variation in countries’ digital readiness while reinforcing the goal of improving access, quality and equity through the appropriate use of digital tools.

The Framework positions digital technologies and data as core enablers of person-centred, resilient health systems, while explicitly recognizing the diversity of users, contexts and system capacities. It is designed to support governments in embedding young people’s needs and voices within national digital health agendas and in building governance models where young people participate as active partners in shaping their digital health futures.

To support implementation, the Framework includes a pragmatic checklist for national health leaders. This provides guiding questions across key system levers, enabling countries to:

  • articulate clear goals for young people’s health within digital strategies;
  • design initiatives grounded in young people’s lived experiences;
  • establish governance structures that enable meaningful youth participation as co-creators.

By grounding the Framework in both empirical evidence and young people's insights, DTH-Lab aims to advance digitally enabled health systems that are technically robust, accessible and equitable, supporting universal access to quality health services while improving system efficiency and sustainability.

The Framework will be officially launched at the 3rd Global Convening of the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH) on 22–24 June 2026. Countries and organizations interested in adapting the Framework to their national contexts are invited to engage with DTH-Lab for introductory discussions or workshops. For further information, contact: anyesha.mitra[at]dthlab.org 

Further info:

Regional findings on Digital First Health Systems - DTH-Lab 

Building a blueprint for digital first health systems

Click on the links below to read the reports:
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Anyesha Mitra is a public health strategist passionate about harnessing digital innovation to strengthen health systems. With over eight years of experience, she has worked at the intersection of digital health, sexual and reproductive health, and immunization programs—supporting organizations such as BMGF India Country Office, John Snow India Pvt. Ltd., Ipas Development Foundation, FP2030, IPPF SEARO, and Population Foundation of India. Her journey with the DTH-Lab Fellowship shaped her vision of community-led, evidence-based digital health, which continues to guide her work in bridging research, policy, and practice for equitable and scalable impact. At DTH-Lab, she leads work on monitoring and evaluation frameworks and global blueprint for youth-friendly, digital enabled health systems.

Tobias Silberzahn is a trained biochemist and has worked in the healthcare space for more than 15 years. The focus of his work have been healthcare innovation and digital health.

Currently, Tobias is working as an independent advisor and board member, for example as a Senior Fellow for BSt Gesundheit, a daughter organization of the Bertelsmann Foundation, where he works on trustworthy online health information. In addition, he is working with the Grameen organization founded by Nobel Prize winner Muhammad Yunus: Tobias is a supervisory board member of Grameen Healthtech Limited and advisor of the Yunus Environment Hub.

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